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BEIJING — Ma'aikatar lafiya ta jihar Espirito Santo, Brazil, ta sanar a ranar Talata cewa an gano kasancewar kwayoyin hana garkuwar jiki na IgG, musamman ga kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2, a cikin samfuran jini daga Disamba 2019.

Ma'aikatar lafiya ta ce an tattara samfuran jini guda 7,370 tsakanin Disamba 2019 da Yuni 2020 daga marasa lafiya da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar dengue da chikungunya.

Da aka yi nazarin samfuran, an gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi na IgG a cikin mutane 210, waɗanda shari'o'i 16 suka nuna cewa akwai sabon coronavirus a jihar kafin Brazil ta sanar da shari'arta ta farko da aka tabbatar a hukumance a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 2020. An tattara ɗaya daga cikin shari'o'in a ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2019.

Ma'aikatar lafiya ta ce yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 20 kafin majiyyaci ya kai matakin IgG da za a iya ganowa bayan kamuwa da cuta, don haka kamuwa da cutar ta iya faruwa tsakanin ƙarshen Nuwamba da farkon Disamba 2019.

Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Brazil ta umurci jihar da ta gudanar da bincike mai zurfi kan cututtuka domin tabbatar da hakan.

Binciken da aka yi a Brazil shi ne na baya-bayan nan a cikin binciken da aka yi a duk duniya wanda ya ƙara shaida mai ƙarfi cewa COVID-19 ya bazu a wajen China fiye da yadda aka zata a baya.

Rahotanni daga kafafen yada labarai sun ce masu bincike daga Jami'ar Milan sun gano cewa wata mata a birnin arewacin Italiya ta kamu da cutar COVID-19 a watan Nuwamban 2019.

Ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu daban-daban kan kyallen fata, masu binciken sun gano a cikin wani gwajin biopsy na wata mace mai shekaru 25 kasancewar jerin kwayoyin halittar RNA na kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2 tun daga watan Nuwamba na 2019, a cewar jaridar L'Unione Sarda ta yankin Italiya.

Jaridar ta ambato Raffaele Gianotti, wanda ya jagoranci binciken, yana cewa, "Akwai lokuta da ke nuna alamun kamuwa da cutar COVID-19 a cikin wannan annoba."

"Na yi mamakin ko za mu iya samun shaidar SARS-CoV-2 a cikin fatar marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan fata kawai kafin a fara matakin annobar da aka amince da shi a hukumance," in ji Gianotti, yana mai cewa "mun sami 'yatsun hannu' na COVID-19 a cikin kyallen fata."

Bisa ga bayanai na duniya, wannan shine "shaidar da ta fi daɗewa ta nuna cewa akwai kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2 a cikin ɗan adam," in ji rahoton.

A ƙarshen watan Afrilun 2020, Michael Melham, magajin garin Belleville da ke jihar New Jersey ta Amurka, ya ce an gwada shi da cewa yana da ƙwayoyin cuta na COVID-19 kuma ya yi imanin cewa ya kamu da cutar a watan Nuwamban 2019, duk da rahoton da likita ya bayar cewa abin da Melham ta fuskanta mura ce kawai.

A Faransa, masana kimiyya sun gano wani mutum ya kamu da cutar COVID-19 a watan Disamba na 2019, kimanin wata guda kafin a fara samun mutane na farko da suka kamu da cutar a hukumance a Turai.

Da take ambaton likita a asibitocin Avicenne da Jean-Verdier kusa da birnin Paris, BBC News ta ruwaito a watan Mayu na 2020 cewa majiyyacin "dole ne ya kamu da cutar tsakanin 14 da 22 ga Disamba (2019), yayin da alamun cutar coronavirus ke ɗaukar tsakanin kwana biyar zuwa 14 kafin su bayyana."

A Spain, masu bincike a Jami'ar Barcelona, ​​daya daga cikin manyan jami'o'in kasar, sun gano kasancewar kwayar cutar a cikin samfuran ruwan sharar da aka tattara a ranar 12 ga Maris, 2019, in ji jami'ar a cikin wata sanarwa a watan Yunin 2020.

A Italiya, wani bincike da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtukan Daji ta Kasa da ke Milan ta gudanar, wanda aka buga a watan Nuwamba na 2020, ya nuna cewa kashi 11.6 cikin 100 na masu aikin sa kai 959 masu lafiya waɗanda suka shiga gwajin gwajin cutar kansar huhu tsakanin Satumba 2019 zuwa Maris 2020 sun samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na COVID-19 kafin Fabrairu 2020 lokacin da aka sami rahoton farko a hukumance a ƙasar, tare da shari'o'i huɗu daga binciken da aka gudanar a makon farko na Oktoba 2019, wanda ke nufin waɗannan mutanen sun kamu da cutar a watan Satumba na 2019.

A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, 2020, wani bincike da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafi ta Amurka (CDC) ta gudanar ya gano cewa akwai yiwuwar COVID-19 ya bulla a Amurka tun tsakiyar Disamba 2019, makonni kafin a fara gano cutar a China.

A cewar binciken da aka buga a yanar gizo a cikin mujallar Clinical Infectious Diseases, masu binciken CDC sun gwada samfuran jini daga gudummawar jini 7,389 na yau da kullun da kungiyar agaji ta Amurka ta Red Cross ta tattara daga ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2019 zuwa 17 ga Janairu, 2020 don gano ƙwayoyin rigakafi na musamman ga sabon coronavirus.

Masana kimiyyar CDC sun rubuta cewa "akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar COVID-19 a Amurka a watan Disamba na 2019," kimanin wata guda kafin kamuwa da cutar a hukumance ta farko a kasar a ranar 19 ga Janairu, 2020.

Waɗannan binciken wani misali ne na yadda yake da wahala a warware matsalar kimiyya ta gano tushen ƙwayoyin cuta.

A tarihi, wurin da aka fara bayar da rahoton ƙwayar cuta sau da yawa ba asalinsa ba ne. Misali, Amurka ce ta fara bayar da rahoton kamuwa da cutar HIV, duk da haka yana iya yiwuwa cutar ba asalinta ba ce daga Amurka. Kuma ƙarin shaidu sun tabbatar da cewa mura ta Spain ba ta samo asali daga Spain ba.

Dangane da COVID-19, zama na farko da ya bayar da rahoton cutar ba yana nufin cewa cutar ta samo asali ne daga birnin Wuhan na kasar Sin ba.

Game da waɗannan binciken, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ce za ta "dauki duk wani bincike da aka yi a Faransa, Spain, da Italiya da muhimmanci, kuma za mu binciki kowanne daga cikinsu."

"Ba za mu daina sanin gaskiya game da asalin kwayar cutar ba, amma bisa ga kimiyya, ba tare da siyasantar da ita ko ƙoƙarin haifar da tashin hankali a cikin wannan tsari ba," in ji Darakta Janar na WHO Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus a ƙarshen Nuwamba 2020.