Labarai

Kusan shekaru 130, General Electric ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana'anta a Amurka. Yanzu abin ya fara rugujewa.
A matsayin wata alama ta hazaka na Amurka, wannan ikon masana'antu ya sanya alamarsa a kan kayayyakin da suka fito daga injunan jet zuwa kwararan fitila, na'urorin dafa abinci zuwa na'urorin X-ray. Za a iya gano asalin wannan haɗin gwiwar zuwa Thomas Edison. Ya kasance sau ɗaya kololuwar nasarar kasuwanci kuma an san shi da kwanciyar hankali da dawowar sa, ƙarfin kamfani da kuma neman ci gaba mara iyaka.
Sai dai a 'yan shekarun nan, yayin da kamfanin General Electric ke kokarin rage harkokin kasuwanci da kuma biyan basussuka masu yawa, tasirinsa mai yawa ya zama matsala da ta addabi ta. Yanzu, a cikin abin da Shugaba da Shugaba Larry Culp (Larry Culp) ya kira "lokaci mai mahimmanci", General Electric ya yanke shawarar cewa zai iya fitar da mafi girman darajar ta hanyar rushe kanta.
Kamfanin ya sanar a ranar Talata cewa GE Healthcare yana shirin kashewa a farkon 2023, kuma sabbin makamashi da sassan wutar lantarki za su samar da sabon kasuwancin makamashi a farkon 2024. Sauran kasuwancin GE zai mai da hankali kan jirgin sama kuma Culp zai jagoranta.
Culp ya ce a cikin wata sanarwa: "Duniya tana bukata-kuma yana da daraja-muna yin iyakar kokarinmu don magance manyan kalubalen jirgin, kiwon lafiya da makamashi." "Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar kamfanoni guda uku masu jagorancin masana'antu na duniya da aka jera, kowane kamfani Dukansu biyu za su iya amfana daga ƙarin mayar da hankali da kuma keɓance babban rabo da kuma sassaucin ra'ayi, ta haka ne ke haifar da haɓaka na dogon lokaci da ƙimar abokan ciniki, masu saka jari da ma'aikata."
Kayayyakin GE sun shiga kowane lungu na rayuwa na zamani: rediyo da igiyoyi, jiragen sama, wutar lantarki, kiwon lafiya, kwamfuta, da sabis na kuɗi. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ainihin abubuwan da aka haɗa na Dow Jones Industrial Matsakaici, hannun jarinsa ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan hannun jari a ƙasar. A cikin 2007, kafin rikicin kudi, General Electric ya kasance kamfani na biyu mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar darajar kasuwa, wanda ke da alaƙa da Exxon Mobil, Royal Dutch Shell da Toyota.
Amma yayin da manyan kamfanonin fasahar Amurka ke daukar nauyin kirkire-kirkire, General Electric ya rasa tagomashin masu saka hannun jari kuma yana da wahala a bunkasa. Kayayyakin Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, da Amazon sun zama wani muhimmin bangare na rayuwar Amurkawa ta zamani, kuma darajar kasuwarsu ta kai tiriliyan daloli. A lokaci guda kuma, General Electric ya ruguje saboda bashi na shekaru da yawa, da sayan da ba a kan lokaci ba, da rashin gudanar da ayyuka. Yanzu yana da'awar darajar kasuwa kusan dala biliyan 122.
Dan Ives, manajan darektan Wedbush Securities, ya ce Wall Street ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata a yi wannan wasan tun da dadewa.
Ives ya shaida wa jaridar Washington Post a cikin wani sakon imel a ranar Talata cewa: “Kamfanonin gargajiya irin su General Electric, General Motors, da IBM dole ne su ci gaba da tafiya da zamani, domin wadannan kamfanoni na Amurka suna kallon madubi suna ganin ci gaba da rashin aiki. "Wannan wani babi ne a cikin dogon tarihin GE kuma alamar lokuta a cikin wannan sabuwar duniyar dijital."
A lokacin farin ciki, GE ya kasance daidai da ƙirƙira da haɓakar kamfanoni. Jack Welch, jagoransa na duniya, ya rage yawan ma'aikata kuma ya haɓaka kamfani ta hanyar sayayya. A cewar mujallar Fortune, lokacin da Welch ya karbi ragamar mulki a shekarar 1981, General Electric ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 14, kuma ya kai sama da dalar Amurka biliyan 400 lokacin da ya bar mulki kimanin shekaru 20 bayan haka.
A zamanin da ake sha'awar masu gudanarwa don mayar da hankali kan riba maimakon duban halin zamantakewar kasuwancin su, ya zama alamar ikon kamfanoni. The "Financial Times" ya kira shi "mahaifin mai darajar motsi" kuma a cikin 1999, "Fortune" mujallar ta nada shi "mai sarrafa na karni".
A shekara ta 2001, an mika ragamar gudanarwa ga Jeffrey Immelt, wanda ya gyara yawancin gine-ginen da Welch ya gina kuma ya yi fama da babbar asara da ta shafi ayyukan wutar lantarki da na hada-hadar kudi na kamfanin. A cikin shekaru 16 na Immelt, ƙimar hannun jarin GE ya ragu da fiye da kwata.
A lokacin da Culp ya karbi ragamar mulki a cikin 2018, GE ta riga ta karkatar da kayan aikinta na gida, robobi da kasuwancin sabis na kuɗi. Wayne Wicker, Babban Jami'in Zuba Jari na MissionSquare Retirement, ya ce matakin na kara raba kan kamfanin yana nuna "ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan dabaru."
"Ya ci gaba da mai da hankali kan sauƙaƙa jerin hadaddun kasuwancin da ya gada, kuma wannan matakin da alama yana samar wa masu zuba jari hanyar da za su tantance kowace sashin kasuwanci da kanta," in ji Wick ga Washington Post a cikin imel. “. "Kowace ɗayan waɗannan kamfanoni za su sami nasu kwamitin gudanarwa, wanda zai iya mai da hankali kan ayyukan yayin da suke ƙoƙarin haɓaka ƙimar masu hannun jari."
General Electric ya rasa matsayinsa a cikin Dow Jones Index a cikin 2018 kuma ya maye gurbinsa da Walgreens Boots Alliance a cikin ma'aunin guntu mai shuɗi. Tun 2009, farashin hannun jari ya faɗi da kashi 2% kowace shekara; bisa ga CNBC, da bambanci, S & P 500 index yana da dawowar shekara ta 9%.
A cikin sanarwar, General Electric ya bayyana cewa, ana sa ran rage bashin da ake binsa da dalar Amurka biliyan 75 nan da karshen shekarar 2021, kuma adadin bashin da ya rage ya kai kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 65. Amma a cewar Colin Scarola, wani manazarci kan daidaito a CFRA Research, bashin kamfanin na iya addabar sabon kamfani mai zaman kansa.
"Rabuwar ba abin mamaki ba ne, saboda General Electric ya shafe shekaru yana karkatar da harkokin kasuwanci a kokarinsa na rage yawan ma'auni," in ji Scarola a cikin wani sharhi da aka aika ta imel zuwa Washington Post ranar Talata. "Ba a samar da tsarin tsarin babban birnin ba bayan da aka kashe, amma ba za mu yi mamaki ba idan kamfanin ya yi nauyi da adadin bashin da ake bin GE a halin yanzu, kamar yadda yakan faru da irin waɗannan nau'ikan sake fasalin."
Kamfanin General Electric ya rufe a $111.29 ranar Talata, ya karu kusan 2.7%. Dangane da bayanan MarketWatch, hannun jari ya karu da fiye da 50% a cikin 2021.